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# ## Manipulates strings like the UNIX Bourne shell
#
# This module manipulates strings according to the word parsing rules of the
# UNIX Bourne shell.
#
# The shellwords() function was originally a port of shellwords.pl, but modified
# to conform to the Shell & Utilities volume of the IEEE Std 1003.1-2008, 2016
# Edition [1].
#
# ### Usage
#
# You can use Shellwords to parse a string into a Bourne shell friendly Array.
#
# require 'shellwords'
#
# argv = Shellwords.split('three blind "mice"')
# argv #=> ["three", "blind", "mice"]
#
# Once you've required Shellwords, you can use the #split alias
# String#shellsplit.
#
# argv = "see how they run".shellsplit
# argv #=> ["see", "how", "they", "run"]
#
# They treat quotes as special characters, so an unmatched quote will cause an
# ArgumentError.
#
# argv = "they all ran after the farmer's wife".shellsplit
# #=> ArgumentError: Unmatched quote: ...
#
# Shellwords also provides methods that do the opposite. Shellwords.escape, or
# its alias, String#shellescape, escapes shell metacharacters in a string for
# use in a command line.
#
# filename = "special's.txt"
#
# system("cat -- #{filename.shellescape}")
# # runs "cat -- special\\'s.txt"
#
# Note the '--'. Without it, cat(1) will treat the following argument as a
# command line option if it starts with '-'. It is guaranteed that
# Shellwords.escape converts a string to a form that a Bourne shell will parse
# back to the original string, but it is the programmer's responsibility to make
# sure that passing an arbitrary argument to a command does no harm.
#
# Shellwords also comes with a core extension for Array, Array#shelljoin.
#
# dir = "Funny GIFs"
# argv = %W[ls -lta -- #{dir}]
# system(argv.shelljoin + " | less")
# # runs "ls -lta -- Funny\\ GIFs | less"
#
# You can use this method to build a complete command line out of an array of
# arguments.
#
# ### Authors
# * Wakou Aoyama
# * Akinori MUSHA <knu@iDaemons.org>
#
#
# ### Contact
# * Akinori MUSHA <knu@iDaemons.org> (current maintainer)
#
#
# ### Resources
#
# 1: [IEEE Std 1003.1-2008, 2016 Edition, the Shell & Utilities
# volume](http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/contents.htm
# l)
module Shellwords
# Escapes a string so that it can be safely used in a Bourne shell command line.
# `str` can be a non-string object that responds to `to_s`.
#
# Note that a resulted string should be used unquoted and is not intended for
# use in double quotes nor in single quotes.
#
# argv = Shellwords.escape("It's better to give than to receive")
# argv #=> "It\\'s\\ better\\ to\\ give\\ than\\ to\\ receive"
#
# String#shellescape is a shorthand for this function.
#
# argv = "It's better to give than to receive".shellescape
# argv #=> "It\\'s\\ better\\ to\\ give\\ than\\ to\\ receive"
#
# # Search files in lib for method definitions
# pattern = "^[ \t]*def "
# open("| grep -Ern -e #{pattern.shellescape} lib") { |grep|
# grep.each_line { |line|
# file, lineno, matched_line = line.split(':', 3)
# # ...
# }
# }
#
# It is the caller's responsibility to encode the string in the right encoding
# for the shell environment where this string is used.
#
# Multibyte characters are treated as multibyte characters, not as bytes.
#
# Returns an empty quoted String if `str` has a length of zero.
#
def self.shellescape: (String str) -> String
# Builds a command line string from an argument list, `array`.
#
# All elements are joined into a single string with fields separated by a space,
# where each element is escaped for the Bourne shell and stringified using
# `to_s`.
#
# ary = ["There's", "a", "time", "and", "place", "for", "everything"]
# argv = Shellwords.join(ary)
# argv #=> "There\\'s a time and place for everything"
#
# Array#shelljoin is a shortcut for this function.
#
# ary = ["Don't", "rock", "the", "boat"]
# argv = ary.shelljoin
# argv #=> "Don\\'t rock the boat"
#
# You can also mix non-string objects in the elements as allowed in Array#join.
#
# output = `#{['ps', '-p', $$].shelljoin}`
#
def self.shelljoin: (Array[String] array) -> String
# Splits a string into an array of tokens in the same way the UNIX Bourne shell
# does.
#
# argv = Shellwords.split('here are "two words"')
# argv #=> ["here", "are", "two words"]
#
# Note, however, that this is not a command line parser. Shell metacharacters
# except for the single and double quotes and backslash are not treated as such.
#
# argv = Shellwords.split('ruby my_prog.rb | less')
# argv #=> ["ruby", "my_prog.rb", "|", "less"]
#
# String#shellsplit is a shortcut for this function.
#
# argv = 'here are "two words"'.shellsplit
# argv #=> ["here", "are", "two words"]
#
def self.shellsplit: (String line) -> Array[String]
alias self.escape self.shellescape
alias self.join self.shelljoin
alias self.shellwords self.shellsplit
alias self.split self.shellsplit
private
# Escapes a string so that it can be safely used in a Bourne shell command line.
# `str` can be a non-string object that responds to `to_s`.
#
# Note that a resulted string should be used unquoted and is not intended for
# use in double quotes nor in single quotes.
#
# argv = Shellwords.escape("It's better to give than to receive")
# argv #=> "It\\'s\\ better\\ to\\ give\\ than\\ to\\ receive"
#
# String#shellescape is a shorthand for this function.
#
# argv = "It's better to give than to receive".shellescape
# argv #=> "It\\'s\\ better\\ to\\ give\\ than\\ to\\ receive"
#
# # Search files in lib for method definitions
# pattern = "^[ \t]*def "
# open("| grep -Ern -e #{pattern.shellescape} lib") { |grep|
# grep.each_line { |line|
# file, lineno, matched_line = line.split(':', 3)
# # ...
# }
# }
#
# It is the caller's responsibility to encode the string in the right encoding
# for the shell environment where this string is used.
#
# Multibyte characters are treated as multibyte characters, not as bytes.
#
# Returns an empty quoted String if `str` has a length of zero.
#
def shellescape: (String str) -> String
# Builds a command line string from an argument list, `array`.
#
# All elements are joined into a single string with fields separated by a space,
# where each element is escaped for the Bourne shell and stringified using
# `to_s`.
#
# ary = ["There's", "a", "time", "and", "place", "for", "everything"]
# argv = Shellwords.join(ary)
# argv #=> "There\\'s a time and place for everything"
#
# Array#shelljoin is a shortcut for this function.
#
# ary = ["Don't", "rock", "the", "boat"]
# argv = ary.shelljoin
# argv #=> "Don\\'t rock the boat"
#
# You can also mix non-string objects in the elements as allowed in Array#join.
#
# output = `#{['ps', '-p', $$].shelljoin}`
#
def shelljoin: (Array[String] array) -> String
# Splits a string into an array of tokens in the same way the UNIX Bourne shell
# does.
#
# argv = Shellwords.split('here are "two words"')
# argv #=> ["here", "are", "two words"]
#
# Note, however, that this is not a command line parser. Shell metacharacters
# except for the single and double quotes and backslash are not treated as such.
#
# argv = Shellwords.split('ruby my_prog.rb | less')
# argv #=> ["ruby", "my_prog.rb", "|", "less"]
#
# String#shellsplit is a shortcut for this function.
#
# argv = 'here are "two words"'.shellsplit
# argv #=> ["here", "are", "two words"]
#
def shellsplit: (String line) -> Array[String]
alias shellwords shellsplit
end
class Array[unchecked out Elem]
# Builds a command line string from an argument list `array` joining all
# elements escaped for the Bourne shell and separated by a space.
#
# See Shellwords.shelljoin for details.
#
def shelljoin: () -> String
end
class String
# Escapes `str` so that it can be safely used in a Bourne shell command line.
#
# See Shellwords.shellescape for details.
#
def shellescape: () -> String
# Splits `str` into an array of tokens in the same way the UNIX Bourne shell
# does.
#
# See Shellwords.shellsplit for details.
#
def shellsplit: () -> Array[String]
end
Mini Shell