Current File : //opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyc
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i ( t
annotation( t operators( t schema( t sqltypes( t util( t ColumnCollection( t
Executable( t _clone( t _literal_as_binds( t _type_from_args( t BinaryExpression( t
BindParameter( t Cast( t
ClauseList( t
ColumnElement( t Extract( t FunctionFilter( t Grouping( t literal_column( t Over( t WithinGroup( t Alias( t
FromClause( t Select( t
VisitableTypei c C s
t j t � S( N( R t defaultdictt dict( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyt <lambda>( t t namet case_sensitive_functiont docsH Symbol to mark the functions that are switched into case-sensitive mode.t _defaultc C s, t | } t | } | } | j � } | | k r� | | t k r� | | | k ru t j d j | � � | | | <qt j d j | t | | j � � d � � t | | <nk | | k r| | | k r� t j d j t
| | j � � | � � qt j d j | � � n
| | | <| | | | <d S( s� Associate a callable with a particular func. name.
This is normally called by _GenericMeta, but is also
available by itself so that a non-Function construct
can be associated with the :data:`.func` accessor (i.e.
CAST, EXTRACT).
sL The GenericFunction '{}' is already registered and is going to be overriden.s� GenericFunction '{}' is already registered with different letter case, so the previously registered function '{}' is switched into case-sensitive mode. GenericFunction objects will be fully case-insensitive in a future release.i s� GenericFunction(s) '{}' are already registered with different letter cases and might interact with '{}'. GenericFunction objects will be fully case-insensitive in a future release.N( t _registryt _case_sensitive_registryt lowert _CASE_SENSITIVER t warnt formatt warn_deprecatedt listt keyst sorted( t
identifiert fnt packaget regt case_sensitive_regt raw_identifier( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyt register_function0 s4
t FunctionElementc B s� e Z d Z d Z e Z d � Z d � Z e d � � Z e
j d � � Z d d d d d � Z d � Z d � Z d � Z e d � � Z d
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� Z d � Z d � Z d � Z d d � Z d d � Z RS( s< Base for SQL function-oriented constructs.
.. seealso::
:class:`.Function` - named SQL function.
:data:`.func` - namespace which produces registered or ad-hoc
:class:`.Function` instances.
:class:`.GenericFunction` - allows creation of registered function
types.
c O se g | D] } t | | j � ^ q } | j p7 t | � | _ t d t j d t | � j � | _ d S( s/ Construct a :class:`.FunctionElement`.
t operatort group_contentsN(
R R t _has_argst boolR
R t comma_opt Truet
self_groupt clause_expr( t selft clausest kwargst ct args( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyt __init__� s %c C s | j | | | � S( N( t _execute_function( R; t
connectiont multiparamst params( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyt _execute_on_connection� s c C s t | j d � � S( s2 The set of columns exported by this :class:`.FunctionElement`.
Function objects currently have no result column names built in;
this method returns a single-element column collection with
an anonymously named column.
An interim approach to providing named columns for a function
as a FROM clause is to build a :func:`.select` with the
desired columns::
from sqlalchemy.sql import column
stmt = select([column('x'), column('y')]). select_from(func.myfunction())
N( R t labelt None( R; ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyt columns� s c C s
| j j S( s} Return the underlying :class:`.ClauseList` which contains
the arguments for this :class:`.FunctionElement`.
( R: t element( R; ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR< � s c
C s" t | d | d | d | d | �S( s� Produce an OVER clause against this function.
Used against aggregate or so-called "window" functions,
for database backends that support window functions.
The expression::
func.row_number().over(order_by='x')
is shorthand for::
from sqlalchemy import over
over(func.row_number(), order_by='x')
See :func:`~.expression.over` for a full description.
t partition_byt order_byt rowst range_( R ( R; RJ RK RL RM ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyt over� s c G s
t | | � S( sy Produce a WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY expr) clause against this function.
Used against so-called "ordered set aggregate" and "hypothetical
set aggregate" functions, including :class:`.percentile_cont`,
:class:`.rank`, :class:`.dense_rank`, etc.
See :func:`~.expression.within_group` for a full description.
.. versionadded:: 1.1
( R ( R; RK ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyt within_group� s
c G s | s
| St | | � S( s� Produce a FILTER clause against this function.
Used against aggregate and window functions,
for database backends that support the "FILTER" clause.
The expression::
func.count(1).filter(True)
is shorthand for::
from sqlalchemy import funcfilter
funcfilter(func.count(1), True)
.. versionadded:: 1.0.0
.. seealso::
:class:`.FunctionFilter`
:func:`.funcfilter`
( R ( R; t criterion( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyt filter� s c C s t | | | � S( s^
Interpret this expression as a boolean comparison between two values.
A hypothetical SQL function "is_equal()" which compares to values
for equality would be written in the Core expression language as::
expr = func.is_equal("a", "b")
If "is_equal()" above is comparing "a" and "b" for equality, the
:meth:`.FunctionElement.as_comparison` method would be invoked as::
expr = func.is_equal("a", "b").as_comparison(1, 2)
Where above, the integer value "1" refers to the first argument of the
"is_equal()" function and the integer value "2" refers to the second.
This would create a :class:`.BinaryExpression` that is equivalent to::
BinaryExpression("a", "b", operator=op.eq)
However, at the SQL level it would still render as
"is_equal('a', 'b')".
The ORM, when it loads a related object or collection, needs to be able
to manipulate the "left" and "right" sides of the ON clause of a JOIN
expression. The purpose of this method is to provide a SQL function
construct that can also supply this information to the ORM, when used
with the :paramref:`.relationship.primaryjoin` parameter. The return
value is a containment object called :class:`.FunctionAsBinary`.
An ORM example is as follows::
class Venue(Base):
__tablename__ = 'venue'
id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
name = Column(String)
descendants = relationship(
"Venue",
primaryjoin=func.instr(
remote(foreign(name)), name + "/"
).as_comparison(1, 2) == 1,
viewonly=True,
order_by=name
)
Above, the "Venue" class can load descendant "Venue" objects by
determining if the name of the parent Venue is contained within the
start of the hypothetical descendant value's name, e.g. "parent1" would
match up to "parent1/child1", but not to "parent2/child1".
Possible use cases include the "materialized path" example given above,
as well as making use of special SQL functions such as geometric
functions to create join conditions.
:param left_index: the integer 1-based index of the function argument
that serves as the "left" side of the expression.
:param right_index: the integer 1-based index of the function argument
that serves as the "right" side of the expression.
.. versionadded:: 1.3
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_from_objects( R; ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyRV 5 s c K s
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c C s d S( s For types that define their return type as based on the criteria
within a WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY) expression, called by the
:class:`.WithinGroup` construct.
Returns None by default, in which case the function's normal ``.type``
is used.
N( RG ( R; RO ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyt within_group_typeA s
c C s t j | | � S( s_ Produce a :class:`.Alias` construct against this
:class:`.FunctionElement`.
This construct wraps the function in a named alias which
is suitable for the FROM clause, in the style accepted for example
by PostgreSQL.
e.g.::
from sqlalchemy.sql import column
stmt = select([column('data_view')]).\
select_from(SomeTable).\
select_from(func.unnest(SomeTable.data).alias('data_view')
)
Would produce:
.. sourcecode:: sql
SELECT data_view
FROM sometable, unnest(sometable.data) AS data_view
.. versionadded:: 0.9.8 The :meth:`.FunctionElement.alias` method
is now supported. Previously, this method's behavior was
undefined and did not behave consistently across versions.
( R t
_construct( R; R t flat( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyt aliasM s c C s1 t | g � } | j r- | j | j � } n | S( s� Produce a :func:`~.expression.select` construct
against this :class:`.FunctionElement`.
This is shorthand for::
s = select([function_element])
( R t _execution_optionst execution_options( R; t s( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyt selectm s c C s | j � j � j � S( sr Execute this :class:`.FunctionElement` against an embedded
'bind' and return a scalar value.
This first calls :meth:`~.FunctionElement.select` to
produce a SELECT construct.
Note that :class:`.FunctionElement` can be passed to
the :meth:`.Connectable.scalar` method of :class:`.Connection`
or :class:`.Engine`.
( Rd t executet scalar( R; ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyRf { s c C s | j � j � S( sY Execute this :class:`.FunctionElement` against an embedded
'bind'.
This first calls :meth:`~.FunctionElement.select` to
produce a SELECT construct.
Note that :class:`.FunctionElement` can be passed to
the :meth:`.Connectable.execute` method of :class:`.Connection`
or :class:`.Engine`.
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| } | j | j � � j | � } n | d k r� | | | � Sn t | j d d | j d d !| | �S( Ni i R i i����Rv ( R� t copyt updatet lenR� RG R! t getR# R$ R" t Function( R; R> R= t ot tokensR- t fnamet funcR/ ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyt __call__� s"
! ( Rs Rt Ru R@ R� R� ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� � s t groupR� c B s) e Z d Z d Z d � Z d d � Z RS( sY Describe a named SQL function.
See the superclass :class:`.FunctionElement` for a description
of public methods.
.. seealso::
:data:`.func` - namespace which produces registered or ad-hoc
:class:`.Function` instances.
:class:`.GenericFunction` - allows creation of registered function
types.
t functionc O sn | j d d � p g | _ | | _ | j d d � | _ t j | j d d � � | _ t j
| | | � d S( s� Construct a :class:`.Function`.
The :data:`.func` construct is normally used to construct
new :class:`.Function` instances.
Rv t bindRj N( R� RG Rv R R� t _bindR t to_instanceRk R2 R@ ( R; R R< R[ ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR@ _ s
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r� t | | | � q� t | _
n t t
| � j | | | � d S( NR R+ R- R t __return_type__t _register( R t Annotatedt __mro__R� R R+ R� Rk t getattrR8 R� R1 Rr R� R@ ( t clst clsnamet basest clsdictR R+ R- ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR@ y s ( Rs Rt R@ ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� x s t GenericFunctionc B s# e Z d Z e Z e Z d � Z RS( s� Define a 'generic' function.
A generic function is a pre-established :class:`.Function`
class that is instantiated automatically when called
by name from the :data:`.func` attribute. Note that
calling any name from :data:`.func` has the effect that
a new :class:`.Function` instance is created automatically,
given that name. The primary use case for defining
a :class:`.GenericFunction` class is so that a function
of a particular name may be given a fixed return type.
It can also include custom argument parsing schemes as well
as additional methods.
Subclasses of :class:`.GenericFunction` are automatically
registered under the name of the class. For
example, a user-defined function ``as_utc()`` would
be available immediately::
from sqlalchemy.sql.functions import GenericFunction
from sqlalchemy.types import DateTime
class as_utc(GenericFunction):
type = DateTime
print select([func.as_utc()])
User-defined generic functions can be organized into
packages by specifying the "package" attribute when defining
:class:`.GenericFunction`. Third party libraries
containing many functions may want to use this in order
to avoid name conflicts with other systems. For example,
if our ``as_utc()`` function were part of a package
"time"::
class as_utc(GenericFunction):
type = DateTime
package = "time"
The above function would be available from :data:`.func`
using the package name ``time``::
print select([func.time.as_utc()])
A final option is to allow the function to be accessed
from one name in :data:`.func` but to render as a different name.
The ``identifier`` attribute will override the name used to
access the function as loaded from :data:`.func`, but will retain
the usage of ``name`` as the rendered name::
class GeoBuffer(GenericFunction):
type = Geometry
package = "geo"
name = "ST_Buffer"
identifier = "buffer"
The above function will render as follows::
>>> print func.geo.buffer()
ST_Buffer()
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next_valuec B s8 e Z d Z e j � Z d Z d � Z e d � � Z RS( s Represent the 'next value', given a :class:`.Sequence`
as its single argument.
Compiles into the appropriate function on each backend,
or will raise NotImplementedError if used on a backend
that does not provide support for sequences.
R� c K s@ t | t j � s t d � � | j d d � | _ | | _ d S( Ns0 next_value() accepts a Sequence object as input.R� ( Rp R t Sequencet AssertionErrorR� RG R� t sequence( R; t seqR[ ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR@ � s
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t AnsiFunctionc B s e Z d � Z RS( c O s t j | | | � d S( N( R� R@ ( R; R? R= ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR@ � s ( Rs Rt R@ ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� � s t ReturnTypeFromArgsc B s e Z d Z d � Z RS( sA Define a function whose return type is the same as its arguments.c O sb g | D] } t | | j � ^ q } | j d t | � � | | d <t t | � j | | � d S( NRj R� ( R R t
setdefaultR Rr R� R@ ( R; R? R= R> ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR@ s %
( Rs Rt Ru R@ ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� s t coalescec B s e Z e Z RS( ( Rs Rt R8 R5 ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� s t maxc B s e Z RS( ( Rs Rt ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� s t minc B s e Z RS( ( Rs Rt ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� s t sumc B s e Z RS( ( Rs Rt ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� s t nowc B s e Z e j Z RS( ( Rs Rt R t DateTimeRk ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� s t concatc B s e Z e j Z RS( ( Rs Rt R t StringRk ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� s t char_lengthc B s e Z e j Z d � Z RS( c K s t j | | | � d S( N( R� R@ ( R; t argR= ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR@ ' s ( Rs Rt R R� Rk R@ ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� $ s t randomc B s e Z e Z RS( ( Rs Rt R8 R5 ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� + s t countc B s# e Z d Z e j Z d d � Z RS( s� The ANSI COUNT aggregate function. With no arguments,
emits COUNT \*.
E.g.::
from sqlalchemy import func
from sqlalchemy import select
from sqlalchemy import table, column
my_table = table('some_table', column('id'))
stmt = select([func.count()]).select_from(my_table)
Executing ``stmt`` would emit::
SELECT count(*) AS count_1
FROM some_table
c K s8 | d k r t d � } n t t | � j | | � d S( Nt *( RG R Rr R� R@ ( R; t
expressionR= ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR@ F s N( Rs Rt Ru R R� Rk RG R@ ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� / s t current_datec B s e Z e j Z RS( ( Rs Rt R t DateRk ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� L s t current_timec B s e Z e j Z RS( ( Rs Rt R t TimeRk ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� P s t current_timestampc B s e Z e j Z RS( ( Rs Rt R R� Rk ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� T s t current_userc B s e Z e j Z RS( ( Rs Rt R R� Rk ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� X s t localtimec B s e Z e j Z RS( ( Rs Rt R R� Rk ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� \ s t localtimestampc B s e Z e j Z RS( ( Rs Rt R R� Rk ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� ` s t session_userc B s e Z e j Z RS( ( Rs Rt R R� Rk ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� d s t sysdatec B s e Z e j Z RS( ( Rs Rt R R� Rk ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� h s t userc B s e Z e j Z RS( ( Rs Rt R R� Rk ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� l s t array_aggc B s e Z d Z e j Z d � Z RS( s� support for the ARRAY_AGG function.
The ``func.array_agg(expr)`` construct returns an expression of
type :class:`.types.ARRAY`.
e.g.::
stmt = select([func.array_agg(table.c.values)[2:5]])
.. versionadded:: 1.1
.. seealso::
:func:`.postgresql.array_agg` - PostgreSQL-specific version that
returns :class:`.postgresql.ARRAY`, which has PG-specific operators
added.
c O s� g | D] } t | � ^ q } | j d t j � } d | k r~ t | � } t | t j � rk | | d <q~ | | � | d <n | | d <t t | � j | | � d S( Nt _default_array_typeRj R� ( R R� R Rq R Rp Rr R� R@ ( R; R? R= R> t default_array_typet type_from_args( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR@ � s
( Rs Rt Ru R Rq Rk R@ ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� p s t
OrderedSetAggc B s e Z d Z e Z d � Z RS( s� Define a function where the return type is based on the sort
expression type as defined by the expression passed to the
:meth:`.FunctionElement.within_group` method.c C s_ | j j } t j | j � } | j rP t | j � d k rP t j | d j
� S| d j
Sd S( Ni i ( R: RI t sqlutilt unwrap_order_byRK t array_for_multi_clauseR� R< R Rq Rk ( R; RO t func_clausesRK ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR] � s
( Rs Rt Ru Rw R� R] ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� � s t modec B s e Z d Z RS( s* implement the ``mode`` ordered-set aggregate function.
This function must be used with the :meth:`.FunctionElement.within_group`
modifier to supply a sort expression to operate upon.
The return type of this function is the same as the sort expression.
.. versionadded:: 1.1
( Rs Rt Ru ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� � s
t percentile_contc B s e Z d Z e Z RS( s� implement the ``percentile_cont`` ordered-set aggregate function.
This function must be used with the :meth:`.FunctionElement.within_group`
modifier to supply a sort expression to operate upon.
The return type of this function is the same as the sort expression,
or if the arguments are an array, an :class:`.types.ARRAY` of the sort
expression's type.
.. versionadded:: 1.1
( Rs Rt Ru R8 R� ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� � s t percentile_discc B s e Z d Z e Z RS( s� implement the ``percentile_disc`` ordered-set aggregate function.
This function must be used with the :meth:`.FunctionElement.within_group`
modifier to supply a sort expression to operate upon.
The return type of this function is the same as the sort expression,
or if the arguments are an array, an :class:`.types.ARRAY` of the sort
expression's type.
.. versionadded:: 1.1
( Rs Rt Ru R8 R� ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� � s t rankc B s e Z d Z e j � Z RS( s! Implement the ``rank`` hypothetical-set aggregate function.
This function must be used with the :meth:`.FunctionElement.within_group`
modifier to supply a sort expression to operate upon.
The return type of this function is :class:`.Integer`.
.. versionadded:: 1.1
( Rs Rt Ru R R� Rk ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� � s
t
dense_rankc B s e Z d Z e j � Z RS( s' Implement the ``dense_rank`` hypothetical-set aggregate function.
This function must be used with the :meth:`.FunctionElement.within_group`
modifier to supply a sort expression to operate upon.
The return type of this function is :class:`.Integer`.
.. versionadded:: 1.1
( Rs Rt Ru R R� Rk ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� � s
t percent_rankc B s e Z d Z e j � Z RS( s) Implement the ``percent_rank`` hypothetical-set aggregate function.
This function must be used with the :meth:`.FunctionElement.within_group`
modifier to supply a sort expression to operate upon.
The return type of this function is :class:`.Numeric`.
.. versionadded:: 1.1
( Rs Rt Ru R t NumericRk ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� � s
t cume_distc B s e Z d Z e j � Z RS( s& Implement the ``cume_dist`` hypothetical-set aggregate function.
This function must be used with the :meth:`.FunctionElement.within_group`
modifier to supply a sort expression to operate upon.
The return type of this function is :class:`.Numeric`.
.. versionadded:: 1.1
( Rs Rt Ru R R� Rk ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� s
t cubec B s e Z d Z e Z RS( sN Implement the ``CUBE`` grouping operation.
This function is used as part of the GROUP BY of a statement,
e.g. :meth:`.Select.group_by`::
stmt = select(
[func.sum(table.c.value), table.c.col_1, table.c.col_2]
).group_by(func.cube(table.c.col_1, table.c.col_2))
.. versionadded:: 1.2
( Rs Rt Ru R8 R5 ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� s t rollupc B s e Z d Z e Z RS( sN Implement the ``ROLLUP`` grouping operation.
This function is used as part of the GROUP BY of a statement,
e.g. :meth:`.Select.group_by`::
stmt = select(
[func.sum(table.c.value), table.c.col_1, table.c.col_2]
).group_by(func.rollup(table.c.col_1, table.c.col_2))
.. versionadded:: 1.2
( Rs Rt Ru R8 R5 ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� s t
grouping_setsc B s e Z d Z e Z RS( s% Implement the ``GROUPING SETS`` grouping operation.
This function is used as part of the GROUP BY of a statement,
e.g. :meth:`.Select.group_by`::
stmt = select(
[func.sum(table.c.value), table.c.col_1, table.c.col_2]
).group_by(func.grouping_sets(table.c.col_1, table.c.col_2))
In order to group by multiple sets, use the :func:`.tuple_` construct::
from sqlalchemy import tuple_
stmt = select(
[
func.sum(table.c.value),
table.c.col_1, table.c.col_2,
table.c.col_3]
).group_by(
func.grouping_sets(
tuple_(table.c.col_1, table.c.col_2),
tuple_(table.c.value, table.c.col_3),
)
)
.. versionadded:: 1.2
( Rs Rt Ru R8 R5 ( ( ( sK /opt/alt/python27/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/functions.pyR� 0 s N(S Ru R R R R R R R� t baseR R t elementsR R R R
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